PATRICIA FONTAINE, MD, MS PATRICIA ADAM, MD, MSPH KENNETH H. SVENDSEN, MS Minneapolis, Minnesota From the Department of Family Practice and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School (P.F., P.A.), and the Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota (K.H.S.), Minneapolis, Minnesota. Portions of this work were presented at the 29th Annual Meeting of the North American Primary Care Research Group, October 14, 2001, Halifax, Nova Scotia. Financial support was provided by the UCare Minnesota Fund of the Minnesota Medical Foundation and by an American Academy of Family Physicians Advanced Research Training Grant. The authors report no competing interests. Address reprint requests to Patricia Fontaine, MD, MS, Department of Family Practice and Community Health, 516 Delaware Street, SE, MMC 381, Minneapolis, MN 55455. E-mail: pfontaine@famprac.umn.edu
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to acknowledge James Neaton, PhD, Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; Richard Palahnuik, MD, Department of Anesthesiology; and Preston Williams, MD, FACOG, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, for assistance in study design and manuscript review, and the Labor Pain Management Study research assistants, anesthesiologists, and nursing staff of the Fairview University Medical Center BirthPlace who helped develop and implement the clinical protocols.
