Risk Factors and Management of Skin Cancer Among Active-Duty Servicemembers and Veterans
Active-duty servicemembers of the US Military experience unique exposures that should be taken into consideration when determining their risk for melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer. Members of the Association of Military Dermatologists participated in a virtual roundtable discussion in April 2020. They discussed risk factors for skin cancer, diagnosis via teledermatology during the coronavirus pandemic, and surgical treatment. The roundtable proceedings are jointly published by Cutis and Federal Practitioner.
Dr. Logemann: I’m definitely aware that we have different telehealth opportunities available, even using some newer modalities that are command approved in recent weeks. My experience has been for more complicated dermatology, so people are in remote locations, and they’re being seen by a nondermatologist, and they have questions about how to approach management. But I’m not aware of telemedicine as a screening tool for skin cancer in the military or among my civilian colleagues. I would hope that it could be someday because we’re developing these total-body photography machines as well. It could be a way for a nondermatologist who identifies a lesion to have it triaged by a dermatologist. To say, “Oh yeah, that looks like a melanoma. They need to get in sooner vs later,” but not on a large-scale sort of screening modality.
Dr. Bandino: In my recent experience, it has definitely been a helpful triage tool. In the military, this form of triage can be particularly helpful if someone is overseas to determine whether he/she needs to evacuated and evaluated in-person right away.
Dr. Jarell: It’s been useful in looking at benign things. People have shown me in the past few weeks a lot of seborrheic keratoses and a lot of benign dermal nevus-type things, and I say, “Don’t worry about that.” And you can tell if the resolution is good enough. But a lot of people have shown me things in the past few weeks that have clearly been basal cell carcinoma, which we can probably let that ride out for a few more weeks, but I’m not sure if maybe somebody has an amelanotic melanoma. Maybe you need to come in and get that biopsied ASAP. Or something that looks like a melanoma. The patient should probably come in and get that biopsied.
,Dr. Miller: I think we can rely on teledermatology. It’s all predicated on the resolution because we’re all trained in pattern recognition. I think it’s very useful to screen for things that look clinically benign. We have to understand that most dermatology is practiced by nondermatologists in the United States, and many studies show that their diagnostic accuracy is 20%, at best maybe 50%. So, they do need to reach out to a dermatologist and perhaps get some guidance on what to do. I think it could be a very useful tool if used appropriately.
Dr. Dunn: If used appropriately, teledermatology could function in a couple of ways. One, it could allow us to declare lesions to be wholly benign, and only should a lesion change would it need attention. The second is that it would allow us to accelerate the process of getting a patient to us—physically in front of us—for a biopsy if a suspicious lesion is seen. A by-product of that process would be that if patients who have wholly benign, nonworrisome lesions could be screened by telemedicine, then physical appointments where a patient is in front of the doctor would be more open. In other words, let’s say if 25% of all lesional visits could be declared benign via telemedicine that would allow dermatology to preserve its face-to-face appointments for patients who are more likely to have cancer and require procedures like skin biopsy.
