Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer incidence continues to rise by about 1% per year in the United States, with 192,000 new cases diagnosed in 2009. As increasing numbers of men follow recommendations to undergo PSA testing and digital rectal examination, the chances of detecting cancer still confined to the prostate—with optimal chances for a cure—also increase. How can clinicians help each patient make the best decisions regarding screening, biopsy, and (when required) treatment for the cancer that is second most common among US men?
New strategies to differentiate between aggressive and nonaggressive tumors would have substantial public heath benefits. Tools for clinical and patient use should be developed to support informed decisions regarding prevention, screening, and biopsy, and to tailor treatments to tumor biology.6 Patients at high risk for prostate cancer should be identified in order to take preventive measures that will improve survival in this group.
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