Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the thyroid, refractory to radiation therapy and treated with bortezomib

Conclusions

Solitary EMP of the thyroid gland is a rare condition. Plasma cell myeloma must be ruled out to make a diagnosis. Data on the incidence of EMP and its clinicopathological features are sparse, and literature describing proper guidelines on treatment is limited. It can be treated with radiotherapy, surgery, or a combined approach. There is limited data on the role of chemotherapy; our case adds to the available literature on using myeloma-based therapy in refractory disease and, to our knowledge, is the only case report using this in the literature on cases of EMP of the thyroid. Regular follow-up, even after the disease is in remission, is necessary because of the high risk of progression to plasma cell myeloma.