Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Tests Seen as Problematic

The two schools with integrated genetics programs are the University of Vermont's Vermont Integrated Curriculum and Johns Hopkins University's Genes to Society program.

The Vermont Integrated Curriculum aims to teach students to "think of patients as not individuals but members of a family in a community—part of their genetic background—and also frame their decision making within the boundaries of medical ethics and evidence-based medicine," said Dr. Leah Burke, a clinical geneticist and director of a course on clinical decision making.

The Johns Hopkins Genes to Society program integrates basic, clinical, and social sciences and seeks to show how to improve societal health outcomes by combining an understanding of human variability with knowledge from the social and behavioral sciences, as well as public health and policy.