Facial Rejuvenation

Complete facial rejuvenation takes into account the correction of volume, tightening of the skin, and removal of the superficial signs of photoaging. Chemical peels, lasers, intense pulsed light (IPL) sources, light-emitting diode devices, photodynamic therapy, infrared light sources, radiofrequency (RF) systems, neurotoxins, and fillers have been developed to aid clinicians in providing patients with a middle ground between growing old gracefully and the surgical intervention of a face-lift. This article reviews the theories behind these medical devices and how each applies to patients undergoing facial rejuvenation.