Kidney Failure Risk in Diabetic Patients

REFERENCES

1. CDC. 2011 National Diabetes Fact Sheet. www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/estimates11.htm. Accessed May 23, 2012.

2. US Renal Data System, National Institute of Diabetes and Kidney Disease, NIH. 2010 Annual Data Report, vol II: Atlas of End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States. www.usrds.org/2010/pdf/v2_00a_intros.pdf. Accessed May 23, 2012.

3. Cowie CC, Port FK, Wolfe RA, et al. Disparities in incidence of diabetic end-stage renal disease according to race and type of diabetes. N Engl J Med. 1989;312(16):1074-1079.

4. Vora JP, Ibrahim HAA. Clinical manifestations and natural history of diabetic nephropathy. In: Johnson R, Feehally J, eds. Comprehensive Clinical Nephrology. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby; 2003:425-438.

5. Packham DK, Alves TP, Dwyer JP, et al. Relative incidence of ESRD versus cardiovascular mortality in proteinuric type 2 diabetes and nephropathy: results from the DIAMETRIC (Diabetes Mellitus Treatment for Renal Insufficiency Consortium) database. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012;59(1):75-83.

6. Levey AS, Coresh J, Balk E, et al. National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification and stratification. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139(2):137-147.

7. Tangri N, Stevens LA, Griffith J, et al. A predictive model for progression of chronic kidney disease to kidney failure. JAMA. 2011;305(15):1553-1559.

8. Prochaska JO, Velicer WF, Rossi JS, et al. Stages of change and decisional balance for 12 problem behaviors. Health Psychol. 1994;13(1):39-46.

9. Olyaei A, Lerma EV. Three strikes and statins out: a case against use of statins in dialysis patients for primary prevention. Dialysis Transplant. 2011;40(4):148-151.

10. Iseki K, Yamazato M, Tozawa M, Takishita S. Hypocholesterolemia is a significant predictor of death in a cohort of chronic hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2002;61(5):1887-1893.

11. Wanner C, Krane V, März W, et al; German Diabetes and Dialysis Study Investigators. Atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(3):238-248.

12. Fellström BC, Jardine AG, Schmeider RE, et al. Rosuvastatin and cardiovascular events in patients undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 2009; 360(14):1395-1407.

13. SHARP Collaborative Group. Study of Heart and Renal Protection (SHARP): randomized trial to assess the effects of lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol among 9,438 patients with chronic kidney disease. Am Heart J. 2010;160(5):785-794.