Calf Endometriosis: A Case Report and Review of Musculoskeletal Involvement

Abstract not available. Introduction provided instead.

It is not uncommon for women of childbearing age to have ectopic endometrial tissue (includes endometrial glands and stroma) in the pelvic genital organs. Less
often, this versatile condition has been reported in many other unrelated extrapelvic sites. The extreme variability in presentation of endometriosis, in addition to the unusual location of extrapelvic endometriosis, can create a significant diagnostic challenge before definitive histologic examination. Even with high-technology magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing several radiopathologic aspects of endometriosis, differential diagnoses with similar radiologic presentations can result in an inaccurate diagnosis if precise attention is not given to helpful clues in the patient’s history and clinicoradiologic correlation.

A few cases of endometriosis of the musculoskeletal system have been reported. In the present case report, we describe an endometriosis of the leg, presenting as a soft-tissue mass, and emphasize the importance of patient history and clinicoradiologic correlation for easier diagnosis.