Pyng Lee, MD Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic
Thomas R. Gildea, MD Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic
James K. Stoller, MD, MS Vice Chairman, Division of Medicine; Head, Section of Respiratory Therapy, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic
Address: James K. Stoller, MD, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, A90, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue,Cleveland, OH 44195
Dr. Stoller has indicated that he has received grant or research support from Alpha Therapeutics and that he is a consultant for Baxter Healthcare Corporation.
ABSTRACTNonsmokers with signs of emphysema at an earlier age than is typical for emphysema deserve a workup for one of the less common causes of emphysema, which include alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, connective tissue diseases, hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome, intravenous drug use, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and several rare metabolic disorders.
